Importance/ Role of Iron in the diet and its deficiency disorders

Iron is an essential mineral for life, present in every living cell. It is crucial for producing hemoglobin (the main component of red blood cells), myoglobin (the primary protein in muscle cells), and certain enzymes. About two-thirds of the body’s iron is found in hemoglobin. Iron provides numerous health benefits, including preventing and treating iron deficiency anemia, supporting the immune system, providing energy, and enhancing mental sharpness.

Key Functions of Iron:

• Hemoglobin Production: Vital for oxygen transport in the blood.
• Myoglobin Production: Essential for oxygen storage in muscles.
• Enzyme Function: Supports various enzymatic processes.
• Oxygen Delivery: Helps blood and muscles deliver oxygen to cells and remove carbon dioxide.
• Immune System: Plays a key role in immune function.
• Metabolism of B Vitamins: Necessary for proper metabolization of B vitamins.

Important Sources of Iron:

• Vegetarian Sources (Non-Heme Iron): Legumes, lentils, soybeans, whole grains, green leafy vegetables, cereals, bread, spinach, turnip, sprouts, broccoli, dry fruits.
• Non-Vegetarian Sources (Heme Iron): Liver, round steak, hamburger, pork, white beans, lima beans, black-eyed peas, fish, chicken.
• Iron-Fortified Foods: Cereals, oatmeal, bread.
• Fruits: Prune juice, dried apricots, prunes, raisins, plums.
• Vegetables: Spinach, peas, asparagus.
• Others: Brewer’s yeast, kelp, squash, seeds (pumpkin, squash, sunflower), blackstrap molasses, wheat bran.

Iron Absorption Enhancers:

• Vitamin C-Rich Foods: Citrus fruits, lemon juice, amla juice, orange juice.

Health Benefits of Iron:

• Treats Iron Deficiency Anemia: Crucial for treating this severe disorder.
• Reduces Fatigue: Prevents fatigue caused by iron deficiency.
• Supports Brain Health: Essential for brain development and function due to oxygen supply.
• Improves Concentration: Increases oxygen-carrying capacity, enhancing concentration levels.
• Relieves Restless Leg Syndrome: Helps treat this condition by supplementing iron.
• Maintains Muscle Health: Necessary for oxygen supply in muscle tissues, aiding contraction.
• Enhances Immune Function: Strengthens the immune system, helping to fight infections.

Additional Health Benefits:

• Supports respiratory and protein metabolism.
• Improves skin tone and energy levels.
• Aids in normal growth and development.

Deficiency Symptoms:

• Fatigue and body weakness.
• Reduced ability to perform normal functions.
• Higher iron requirements for women and children.
• Increased risk of anemia.
• Possible skin ailments, brittle nails, and smooth tongue.

Important Considerations:

• Consult a physician and nutritionist to treat iron deficiency properly.
• Be aware of potential side effects from excess iron intake, such as constipation, diarrhea, accelerated aging, and increased risk of heart disease and viral infections.
• Use supplements as recommended to manage deficiency.

Iron is essential for maintaining overall health and well-being. Ensure adequate intake through a balanced diet, and seek professional guidance for any deficiencies.

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RD Neha Kava

National Registered Dietitian at NutriChoice4u.com

Neha Kava is a National Registered Dietitian, Certified Sports Nutritionist in India. She specializes ins Clinical Nutrition, weight management. She likes to spread awareness and educate her readers about health, nutrition, fitness, mental health, sexual health and diet tips for holistic health. You can connect with her on info@nutrichoice4u.com Or hethhealthhome@gmail.com

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